| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology and Disease | |||||
| Book | Page | Topic | |||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | Structural Organization | ||||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 3 | Regions and Subregions of the Cingulate Cortex | |||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 31 | Transmitter Receptor Systems and Cingulate Regions and Areas | 28 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 65 | Architecture, Neurocytotology, and Comparative Organization of Monkey and Human Cingulate Cortices | 34 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 95 | Thalamocingulate Connections in the Monkey | 30 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 96 | The cingulate cortex consists of four major regions: (1) posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), (2) retrosplenial cortex (RSC), (3) midcingulate cortex (MCC), (4) anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 96 | Essential cortical function is determined to a large extent by its thalamic afferents. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 96 | Although cingulate cortex plays an important role in intrinsically generated top-down cognitive processing, thalamic afferents are critical for its roles in memory, nociception, response selection and visuospatial processing. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 96 | The PCC may contribute to spatial memory and other kinds of memory such as verbal and auditory-verbal memory. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 97 | Retrosplenial areas 29 and 30 are hypothesized to have a pivotal role in memory access. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 97 | Most thalamocortical projections are generally reciprocated or corticothalamic projections. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 97 | The MCC may correspond to the lower trunk and leg representation regions of the caudal cingulate motor area, the upper trunk and arm representation regions of the caudal cingulate motor area, and the rostral cingulate motor area. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 101 | The ACC, especially areas 32 and 25 and the subgenual area 24, may modulate emotion, mood state, and visceral motor functions in humans. | 4 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 104 | Area 32 has been reported to receive massive thalamocortical projections from the mediodorsal nucleus. | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 106 | It has been suggested that the posterior cingulate areas 23 and 31 participate and visuospatial processing, the retrosplenial areas 29 and 30 in memory access, the midcingulate area 24 in response selection, and the anterior cingulate areas 24, 32, and 25 in affect regulation. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 106 | Each of the thalamocingulate connections receives inputs from a specific set of thalamic nuclei, which integrate and/or modulate information received from the cingulate, as well as from other cortical areas and subcortical structures. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 106 | Information processing in a given cingulate cortical area may be modulated by subcortical and/or indirect cortical inputs through the thalamus. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 106 | Thalamic projections to the cingulate cortical areas are largely reciprocated by corresponding corticothalamic projections that provide inputs to a specific set of thalamic nuclei. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 106 | Some components of the corticothalamic inputs may convey feedback information to the dorsal thalamus, whereas other components may convey feed-forward information through the thalamus to other cortical areas. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | With the tight interrelationship between the thalamus and the cingulate cortex, the information flow between the dorsal thalamus and cingulate cortex is essential for cingulate cortical functioning. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | The functional relationship between each thalamic nucleus and specific cingulate cortical areas is known only to a limited extent. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | Studies in monkeys and humans suggests that the anterior thalamic nuclei are important for various memory functions. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | Clinical studies in humans have shown that infarctions involving the right anterior thalamus result in visuospatial memory impairment, whereas those involving the left anterior thalamus result in verbal memory impairment. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | Anterior thalamic nuclei are important for visuospatial and auditory-verbal memory processes. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | In addition to memory functions, the anterior thalamic nuclei may be involved in emotion and motivation. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | The ventroanterior nucleus and the oral part of the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus receive inputs from the basal ganglia, whereas the ventral posterolateral nucleus and the caudal part of the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus receive input from the cerebellum. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 107 | Projections from parts of the ventral thalamic nuclei may constitute pathways that transmit motor information mainly to the MCC. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 108 | Although the resolution of the methods employed by diffusion tensor imaging and functional correlation studies is not as high as that of histological methods employed by monkey studies, the monkey studies can provide direction and guidance for hypothesis testing in human studies. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 108 | As the resolution of human imaging improves, it may eventually be possible to evaluate activation in thalamic sectors, if not nuclei. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 113 | Cingulofrontal Interactions and the Cingulate Motor Areas | 5 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 114 | Pivotal to the role of cingulate cortex in motor functions are the two cingulate motor areas (CMA). | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 114 | The CMA's are invoked in terms of cognition, engagements with the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex, nociceptive processing, closed loop circuits with the basal ganglia, and regulation by dopaminergic afferents. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 114 | Cingular cortex has long been known to have dense and reciprocal connections with the frontal lobe. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 129 | Orbitofrontal cortices have been associated with a variety of autonomic, mnemonic, and emotional processes and are involved in the control of goal directed behavior. | 15 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 130 | Areas in the cingulate gyrus are involved in the regulation and control of motor behavior. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 130 | Forelimb representation in the CMA's has been established on anatomical evidence and on physiological grounds. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 130 | The CMAs have anatomical connectivity with other cortical motor areas, the brain stem, and the spinal cord with somatotopical arrangements. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 131 | CMAs are at a pivotal position in the cortex between input sources from the limbic and association areas and motor areas to which the cingulate outputs are targeted. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 135 | It is well known that electrical stimulation of the human cingulate cortex elicits motor effects. (Penfield and Welch, 1951) | 4 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 135 | The morphological complexity of the cingulate cortex presents difficulties in elucidating the subregions. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 135 | The midcingulate cortex has a role in response initiation and maintaining a state of motor readiness. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 135 | For rostral activation foci of the midcingulate cortex, the magnitudes of activation varies greatly depending on the nature of the behavioral task, being greater during unlearned motor tasks, and more importantly, in the presence of stimulus-response conflict. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 136 | The MCC has a role in executive control of behavior, together with the lateral prefrontal cortex. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 136 | One of the most important contributions to understanding the functions of cingulate cortex over the past three decades had been demonstration of the location, connections, and functions of the CMAs. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 136 | CMAs are involved in more than skeletomotor functions and include cognitive processes involved in action reinforcement, anticipation, and relating expectations to the outcomes. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 136 | CMAs are differentially regulated by dopaminergic afferents. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 137 | Altered brain activity diseases such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) will need to consider the differential contributions of cingulate motor areas. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 145 | Temporocingulate Interactions in the Monkey | 8 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 163 | Dopamine Systems and the Cingulate Gyrus | 18 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 164 | The anterior and midcingulate regions have rich dopaminergic afferents and those to the anterior cingulate gyrus are the strongest such innervations of all cortical regions. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 164 | The dopaminergic projections to cingulate and prefrontal cortices have been implicated in a variety of functions including cognition, reward-seeking behavior, and motor activity. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 165 | Dopaminergic somata are distributed in various sites within the midbrain and telencephalon. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 165 | Dopaminergic afferents to cingulate cortex arise primarily from the neuronal somata in the VTA. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 165 | Cell bodies of VTA neurons are large multipolar neurons. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 165 | Monkey dopamine connections (diagram) | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 166 | This cerebral cortex contains two types of catecholamines: dopamine and norepinephrine. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 173 | Early development of cingulate neurons depends on dopaminergic innervation. | 7 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 173 | Dopaminergic neurons in the VTA are born between weeks 6-8 in humans. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 173 | Dopaminergic neurons are born in the ventricular zone (VC) of the fourth ventricle, and the young neurons begin their migration to the VTA. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 176 | Two of the most widely abused drugs are cocaine and ethanol, and both affect dopamine neurotransmission. | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 176 | Cocaine binds to monoamine transporters; it blocks the reuptake of monoamines by presynaptic elements. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 176 | Cocaine leads to a presynaptic increase in dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 179 | Dopaminergic systems are pivotal to the executive functions of cingulate cortex, regulation of its motor outputs, and possibly in mediating between cingulofrontal interactions. | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 189 | Emotion and Cognition | 10 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 191 | Anterior and Midcingulate Cortices and Reward | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 192 | The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) occupies approximately the anterior one third of the cingulate cortex and is implicated in emotion. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 192 | The ACC is distinguished from the mid-cingulate cortex (MCC), which occupies approximately the middle third of the cingulate cortex and contains part of the caudal cingulate motor area that may be involved in response selection. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 192 | The ACC has output projections to the periaqueductal gray in the midbrain, which is implicated in the descending control of pain processing, to the nucleus of the solitary tract and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus through which autonomic effects can be elicited, and to the ventral striatum and caudate nucleus through which behavioral responses can be produced. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 192 | There appears to be partly separate representations of aversive and positive-valence affective responses in the ACC. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 192 | Orbitofrontal cortex has representations of affect and projects to the ACC. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 192 | Human touch-processing systems tactile stimuli are decoded and represented in terms of their rewarding value and the pleasure they produce. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 193 | The area activated by pain is typically 10-30 mm behind and above the most anterior part of ACC. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 194 | Oral somatosensory stimuli such as the texture of fat can activate the pregenual cingulate cortex (pACC). | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 194 | Where the affectively pleasant vs unpleasant properties of olfactory stimuli are represented in the human brain. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 195 | Activations in the ACC are produced by the flavor of food. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 195 | Reward Value of Water | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 195 | Activations in the MCC are produced by the taste of water when it is rewarding because of thirst. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 195 | Rewarding visual and auditory stimuli | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 195 | Neuroimaging studies concerned with vocal expression identification have reported orbital and medial prefrontal activation. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 196 | Activations in the ACC/medial prefrontal cortex are produced by monetary reward. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 198 | The word-label modulated the activation in the odor in brain regions activated by odors such is the orbitofrontal cortex (secondary olfactory cortex), cingulate cortex, and amygdala. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 200 | It is also important to detect when an expected reward is not obtained. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 200 | Damage restricted to the orbitofrontal cortex can produce impairments in face and voice expression identification, which may be primary reinforcers. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 200 | Frequently, voice but not face expression identification is impaired, and vice versa. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 200 | There appears to be some functional specialization for visual vs auditory emotion-related processing in the human orbitofrontal cortex. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 200 | Changes in social behavior can be produced by damage restricted to the orbitofrontal cortex. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 200 | Orbitofrontal patients were particularly likely to be impaired on emotion recognition; they were less likely to notice when others were sad, happy, or disgusted. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 200 | Orbitofrontal patients were more impaired on emotional empathy because they were less likely to comfort those who are sad or afraid, or to feel happy for others who are happy, and on interpersonal relationships because they did not care what others think, and were not close to his/her family. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 201 | Orbitofrontal patients were less likely to cooperate with others, were inpatient and impulsive, and had difficulty making and keeping close relationships. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 207 | CinguloAmygdala Interactions in Surprise and Extinction | 6 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 207 | The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a heterogeneous structure involved in the processing of both cognitive and emotional information. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 207 | The amygdala is a critical structure in the processing of emotional information. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 207 | With the strong reciprocal connectivity between the ACC and the amygdala, the role of the ACC in processing emotional information must include careful consideration of the cinguloamygdala interactions. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 207 | Cinguloamygdala processing has a role in the interpretation of emotional information, especially when the predictive value of biologically relevant stimuli is ambiguous. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 209 | The amygdala is necessary for the acquisition and expression of learned fear associations. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 209 | Typically, animals learn to fear a conditioned stimulus (CS) that predicts an unconditioned stimulus (US). | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 209 | During auditory fear conditioning, following several tone-footshock pairings, rats will freeze when the tone is later presented alone. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 209 | Thalamic and cortical afferents communicate CS and US information to basolateral amygdala nuclei (BLA), where CS-US associations are thought to be formed. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 209 | Neuroimaging studies employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) are beginning to reveal the relationships and functional architecture of emotion and its expression in humans. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 210 | Neurons in the ACC and amygdala respond to both positive and negative events, stimuli that predict these events, and the devaluation or reversal of these predictive contingencies. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 213 | Cinguloamygdala Interactions in Resolving Biologically-Relevant Ambiguity | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 213 | Resolving associative ambiguity is a complex process requiring access to memory, temporal contexts, spatial contexts, and visceral contexts in order to make a probabilistic "guess" as to the best course of action. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 219 | Visceral Circuits and Cingulate-Mediated Autonomic Functions | 6 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 220 | Cingulate cortex involvement and visceral function has been known for a long time. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 220 | The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is part of a broad swath of orbitofrontal, insular, and temporal pole cortex that regulates visceral functions. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 220 | Human functional imaging studies have provided important new insights into the role of the cingulate cortex in visceral function and its role in conscious perception of visceral events, stress-mediated activity, and cognitive processing. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 221 | Electrical stimulation of ACC evokes change is in autonomic activity. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 223 | Human imaging studies have shown activity in cingulate cortex associated with taste, food texture, and odors. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 225 | Visceral input to the cingulate gyrus is associated mainly with nociception. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 226 | Efferent cingulate projections regulate autonomic output. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 227 | Efferent control of cardiovascular, GI motility, and other visceral functions are mediated primarily by reciprocally connected cingulate projections. (diagram) | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 230 | Noxious stimulation is the primary source of visceral-evoked activation in the cingulate gyrus. | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 231 | Cingulate cortex appears to have six roles in visceral function. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 231 | (1) ACC: linkage between emotional memories and autonomic output. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 231 | (2) aMCC: linkage of nociceptive inputs with fear with skeletomotor avoidance of threatening visceral activity like uncontrolled micturition or defecation in public places. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 231 | (3) pMCC: linkage of discomfort and skeletomotor seeking for conditions to mictutate/defecate with less fear and under less threatening conditions. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 231 | (4) dPCC: rapid orientation of the body to noxious or innocuous somatovisceral stimulation. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 231 | (5) vPCC: assessment of the context and self relevance of innocuous stimulation. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 231 | (6) RSC: engages in working memory functions linked to emotional stimuli. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 237 | Cingulate Cortex as Organizing Principle in Neuropsychiatric Disease | 6 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 237 | Prefrontal cortex appears to be important for integration of multiple streams of information about the internal and external environment. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 237 | Selection among internally represented "goals" in the process of determining a course of action appears to result from decisions made in cingulate cortex based on information flow between connected structures. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 238 | It is likely that psychiatric disease generally results from a neuronal disturbance located in or involving connections with the prefrontal cortex, via its heavy projections through anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), to a distributed network of brain regions. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 238 | As a neurobiological investigation of psychiatric disease had progressed, the importance of the cingulate cortex in the pathophysiology of mental illness has been consistently demonstrated. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 238 | The critical role of the ACC has been clearly identified for a number of psychiatric illnesses based on structural and functional neuroimaging. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 238 | Subdivisions of the cingulate cortex are key modulators of function within various distinct but integrated neurological systems. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 238 | The cingulate cortex may provide a central common pathway for integrating and connecting various nodes of neural networks that underlie regulation and integration of mood, thought, and behavior. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 238 | Alzheimer's Domenici (AD) is defined by cognitive disturbance but is commonly associated with behavioral abnormalities similar to those seen in other neuropsychiatric conditions (e.g. apathy, disinhibition, psychosis, depression), as well as sleep and appetite disturbances and psychomotor activity changes. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 238 | Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by disturbance in attention as well as disruptions in psychomotor activity and emotional regulation. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 239 | There can be significant symptomatic differences within a single mental illness across subjects. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 239 | Symptomatic variations seen in schizophrenia (e.g. paranoid versus catatonic subtypes), obsessive, compulsive disorder (OCD) and generalized anxiety disorder. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 239 | There are clear differences in treatment response among patients with the same psychiatric disease. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 239 | Some patients with depression respond well to psychotherapy, while others appear to require some pharmacologic or other somatic treatment. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 239 | Among depression patients receiving somatic interventions, some respond to treatments that modulate serotonergic function while others only seem to respond to treatments targeting multiple neurotransmitter systems; others only achieve an antidepressant response with interventions with widespread neurophysiological effects (e.g. electroconvulsive therapy). | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 239 | In schizophrenia, most patients with predominant "positive symptoms" (i.e. hallucinations and delusions) respond well to treatments that block dopamine receptor binding; however, "negative symptoms" (such as poor motivation, cognitive disturbances, and poor social relationships) appear less responsive to dopaminergic modulation. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 239 | Most patients with OCD show significant symptom reduction with medications that modulate serotonergic transmission. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 245 | Dorsal Anterior Midcingulate Cortex | 6 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 275 | Primate Posterior Cingulate Gyrus | 30 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 309 | Pain | 34 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 311 | Cingulate Nociceptive Circuitry and roles in Pain Processing: the Cingulate Premotor Pain Model | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 339 | Mu-opioid receptors, placebo map, descending systems, and cingulate-mediated control of localization and pain | 28 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 365 | Pain Anticipation in the Cingulate Gyrus | 26 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 381 | Hypnosis and Cingulate-Mediated Mechanisms of Analgesia | 16 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 383 | Hypnosis is characterized by highly focused attention as well as by heightened compliance with suggestions. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 383 | The extent that hypnotic phenomena are experienced depend upon the depth of the hypnotic state, which is characteristic of the individual and commonly referred to as hypnotic susceptibility. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 383 | Some of the most profound changes in the hypnotic state include altered awareness of sensory stimulation, including nociceptive stimulation, distortions in reality and its temporal properties, alterations in voluntary muscle activity, as well as in visceromotor systems including cardiovascular changes, the visceral sensations and gland secreations. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 383 | The hypnotic state is characterized by heightened imagery and expectations as well as a focus of personal attention inward or to narrowly defined events. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | Forebrain Mechanisms of Hypnosis | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | Hypnosis decreases activity in structures such as the right anterior parietal, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortices, that are essential for the regulation of self-monitoring. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | The coordinated activity within the thalamus, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), posterior parietal cortex (PPC), and the brain stem probably regulate the content of consciousness through mechanisms of executive attention. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | The process of hypnotic induction, regardless of how it is implemented, serves to narrow a person's attention. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | The focused attention of the hypnotic state is hypothesized as a mechanism by which the activation of the various prefrontal circuits is decreased, eliminating their contribution to mediate conscious experience. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | During hypnosis, suggestions become the predominant content in the working memory buffers, without the higher cognitive computation provided by the DLPFC circuits. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | Under hypnosis, a person does not have the capacity to critically examine suggestions; they become executed by directly activating the motor system without being further scrutinized. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | Subjects' subjective description of their hypnotic experience states that their behavioral act appeared to happen by itself. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | The prefrontal hypofunctionality in hypnosis does not appear to be absolute, since subjects in a hypnotic state cannot be induced to act contrary to their moral beliefs or values. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | Functional neuroimaging studies in hypnosis have shown regional decreases in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) activity. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | The peculiar properties of hypnotic analgesia further point to the involvement of the prefrontal cortex in hypnosis. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | Hypnosis involves a suspension of a high-order attention system and other executive functions. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | The dissociated control theory of hypnosis maintains that hypnotic inductions weaken the frontal control of behavioral schemas, thereby allowing direct activation of behavior by hypnotist's suggestions. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 384 | Hallucinations of auditory stimuli in hypnosis activate area 32 in a manner that is similar to the actual hearing of such stimuli. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 385 | Aspects of Hypnotic Experience Mediated by Cingulate Cortex | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 385 | The hypnotic state is associated with an increase in rCBF in anterior cingulate and a reduction in posterior cingulate. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 385 | Although autonomic changes including heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure occur during hypnosis, these do not appear to be a direct response to cingulate activation but rather secondary, brain stem-mediated responses likely via the periaqueductal gray. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 385 | A rich body of observation supports the role of the cingulate cortex in most aspects of the hypnotic state. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 387 | Hypnosis has been used for years to alleviate pain perception in laboratory settings and clinical pain conditions. | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 387 | Hypnosis is effective for alleviating pain from cancer and other chronic pain problems like fibromyalgia, headache, diffuse low back pain, and pain associated with irritable bowel syndrome. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 401 | Neurophysiology of Cingulate Pain Responses and Neurosurgical Pain Interventions | 14 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 419 | Role of Cingulate Cortex in Central Neuropathic Pain | 18 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 437 | Thalamocingulate Mechanisms of Precentral Cortex Stimulation for Central Pain | 18 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 451 | Stress: Syndromes and Circuits | 14 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 453 | Role of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Posttraumatic Stress and Panic Disorders | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Individuals with anxiety disorders persistently experience emotional states of anxiety and fear in the absence of true danger. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | In posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), episodes of intense fear may be triggered by recollections of a previous traumatic event and are typically accompanied by a heightened physiological arousal. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | In panic disorder (PD), periods of intense fear and physiologic arousal may be initially unprovoked and over time, may tend to occur in specific settings from which escape would be difficult. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Neuroimaging techniques are being used by researchers to investigate brain systems mediating anxiety disorders and to formulate and neurocircuitry models of them. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Medial prefrontal cortical regions, including anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), have typically been included in models of anxiety disorders. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | PTSD and PD have overlapping symptoms (fear and physiologic arousal in response to situations involving past perceived threat of serious injury), often appear comorbidly, have similar proposed neural circuitry, and currently similar treatments (e.g. serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), cognitive behavioral therapy). | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | PTSD can occur in individuals who have experienced an event or events involving death or serious injury and reacted with fear, helplessness, or horror. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | PTSD events include but are not limited to combat, sexual or physical abuse, assault, terrorist attacks , and natural disasters. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Individuals with PTSD typically report experiencing intrusive recollections, nightmares, and distress with physiologic arousal in response to reminders of trauma. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Since PTSD resembles in some respects the process of fear conditioning, recent neural circuitry models of PTSD have included brain structures and systems known to be involved in the process of fear conditioning and extinction. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | The three brain regions of primary interest in PTSD have been the amygdala, ACC, and hippocampus. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | The amygdala is a medial temporal lobe structure that appears to be involved in the assessment of threat or potential threat and plays a crucial role in Pavlovian fear conditioning. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Functional neuroimaging has suggested that the amygdala that is hyper-responsive in individuals with PTSD. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | The ACC is located around the genu of the corpus callosum and is connected to the amygdala in primates. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | The ACC and other ventral medial prefrontal regions appear to be critically involved in the extinction of fear conditioning and the retention of extinction. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Functional neuroimaging research in humans has implicated ACC in processing of emotional stimuli. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 454 | Patients with PTSD exhibit abnormal extinction of conditioned fear responses. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 455 | The hippocampus and amygdala likely interact in the formation of emotional memories. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 455 | According to neural circuitry models of PTSD, the amygdala is hyper-responsive to threat-related stimuli. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 455 | Interactions between the amygdala and hippocampus may explain the persistence of traumatic memories in PTSD. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 455 | ACC and neighboring medial prefrontal cortical structures are hyper-responsive in PTSD, failing to inhibit the amygdala and possibly accounting for impaired extinction in this disorder. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 456 | Most of the existing research suggests relatively diminished activation of ACC and/or neighboring medial prefrontal cortical regions during symptom provocation in PTSD. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 459 | ACC is activated during the processing of emotional information. | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 459 | A panic attack is a period of intense fear and sympathetic nervous system arousal that occurs in the absence of true danger. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 459 | An individual with PD experiences recurrent, unexpected panic attacks along with persistent concern about possible implications or consequences of the attacks. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 467 | Shared Norepinephrinergic and Cingulate Circuits, Nociceptive and Allostatic Interactions, and Models of Functional Pain and Stress Disorders | 8 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 499 | Impact of Functional Visceral and Somatic Pain/Stress Syndromes on Cingulate Cortex | 32 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 517 | Altered Motivation, Cognition, and Movement | 18 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 519 | Role of Cingulate Gyrus in Depression: Review and Synthesis of Imaging Data | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 519 | Depression is a multidimensional disorder involving disruption of mood, cognition, motor function, and homeostatic/drive processes, including sleep, appetite, and libido. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 519 | It is well-established that 40% of depression patients will have an inadequate response to medications affecting the monoaminergic systems (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) which remain the mainstay for first-line pharmacologic treatment options for depression. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 519 | Certain psychotherapies (such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy) are effective in many, but not all, depressed patients. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 519 | Even electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which remains the most effective acute treatment for depression, fails in up to 20% of patients. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 519 | Human lesion models have typically involved studying patients who become depressed following discrete brain lesions (through stroke, coma, surgery, or traumatic brain injury). | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 529 | Subdivisions of the ACC have been consistently implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. | 10 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 529 | The ACC is best viewed as an integral part of a complex neural network involved in mood regulation, cognition, and homeostasis. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 537 | Cingulate Neuropathological Substrates of Depression | 8 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 571 | Altered Processing of Valence and Significance-Coded Information in the Psychopathic Cingulate Gyrus | 34 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 587 | Role of Cingular Cortex Dysfunction in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder | 16 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 619 | Contribution of Anterior Cingulate-Basal Ganglia Circuitry to Complex Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders | 32 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 622 | Basal ganglia circuits with the rostral cingulate cortex. (diagram) | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 633 | Cingulate Cortex Seisures | 11 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 653 | Neurodegenerative Diseases: Psychosis and Dementia | 20 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 655 | Cingulate Gyrus in Schizophrenia: Imaging Altered Structure and Functions | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 658 | Diffusion Tensor MRI | 3 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 659 | Water molecules along the long axis of axons, thus indicating axonal direction. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 659 | Cognitive performance has been extensively examined in schizophrenia. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 659 | While a generalized compromise in cognition is acknowledged in schizophrenia, certain domains of functions stand out as being particularly affected, including aspects of executive function and memory. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 659 | Cognitive disabilities in schizophrenia have a similar scope and magnitude in young and in chronic schizophrenics, even in vulnerable young persons before the psychosis onset. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 659 | Altered performance on working memory and verbal episodic memory has often been singled out as the most significantly impaired aspect of cognition in schizophrenia. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 659 | There exists a great deal of diversity in the magnitude and type of cognitive defects in persons with schizophrenia. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 659 | People with schizophrenia have varying degrees of alteration in attention and in several aspects of executive functioning such as organization, planning, self-monitoring and mental flexibility. | 0 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 660 | Techniques using fMRI, PET and event related potential (ERP) have revealed specific areas of the brain involved in attention and executive circuit, both of which involve the ACC. | 1 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 679 | Course and Pattern of Cingulate Pathology in Schizophrenia | 19 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 707 | Cingulate Subregional Neuropathology in Dementia and Parkinson's Disease | 28 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 727 | Mild Cognitive Impairment: Pivotal Cingulate Damage in Amnestic and Dysexecutive Subgroups | 20 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 749 | Brain Imaging in Prodromal and Probable Alzheimer's Disease | 22 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 763 | Cingulate Neuropathology in Anterior and Posterior Cortical Atrophies in Alzheimer's Disease | 14 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 801 | Imaging Appendix | 38 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | 803 | Localizing Cingulate Subregions-of-Interest in Magnetic Resonance Images Guided by Cytological Parcellations | 2 | ||
| Vogt; Cingulate Neurobiology | |||||